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America's Favorite Architecture is a list of buildings and other structures identified as the most popular works of architecture in the United States.

In 2006 and 2007, the American Institute of Architects (AIA) sponsored research to identify the most popular works of architecture in the United States. Harris Interactive conducted the study by first polling a sample of the AIA membership and later polling a sample of the public.[1]

In the first phase of the study, 2,448 AIA members were interviewed and asked to identify their "favorite" structures. Each was asked to name up to 20 structures in each of 15 defined categories. The 248 structures that were named by at least six of the AIA members were then included in a list of structures to be included in the next phase, a survey of the general public. The survey of the public involved a total of 2,214 people, each of whom rated many photographs of buildings and other structures drawn from the list of 248 structures that had been created by polling the architects. The public's preferences were ranked using a "likeability" scale developed for the study.[1][2]

As part of the commemoration of the organization's 150th anniversary in 2007, the AIA announced the list of the 150 highest-ranked structures as "America's Favorite Architecture". New York City is the location of 32 structures on the list, more than any other place. Of the 10 top-ranked structures, 6 are in Washington, DC, which is the location of 17 of the 150 structures on the complete list.[2] Chicago has 16 structures on the list.

The 150 top-ranked structures are listed below.[3]

List of "America's Favorites"

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Rank
Structure City State Date Architect(s) Style Picture
1 Empire State Building New York City NY 1931 William F. Lamb Art Deco
2 The White House Washington DC 1800 James Hoban Neoclassical
3 Washington National Cathedral Washington DC 1912-1990 George Frederick Bodley, Henry Vaughan and Philip H. Frohman Gothic Revival
4 Thomas Jefferson Memorial Washington DC 1947 John Russell Pope Neoclassical
5 Golden Gate Bridge San Francisco CA 1937 Irving F. Morrow and Gertrude C. Morrow Art Deco
6 United States Capitol Washington DC 1800 William Thornton Neoclassical
7 Lincoln Memorial Washington DC 1922 Henry Bacon Greek Revival
8 Biltmore Estate/Vanderbilt Residence Asheville NC 1895 Richard Morris Hunt; Frederick Law Olmsted Châteauesque
9 Chrysler Building New York NY 1930 William Van Alen Art Deco
10 Vietnam Veterans Memorial Washington DC 1982 Maya Lin Modern
11 St. Patrick's Cathedral New York NY 1910 James Renwick Gothic Revival
12 Washington Monument Washington DC 1888 Robert Mills Egyptian Revival
13 Grand Central Terminal New York NY 1903 Reed and Stem; Warren and Wetmore Beaux-Arts
14 Gateway Arch St. Louis MO Eero Saarinen 1965 Modern
15 Supreme Court of the United States 1935 Washington DC Cass Gilbert Neoclassical
16 St. Regis New York NY 1904 Trowbridge & Livingston Beaux-Arts
17 Metropolitan Museum of Art New York NY Calvert Vaux; McKim, Mead & White; Richard Morris Hunt; Kevin Roche; John Dinkeloo Beaux-Arts
18 Hotel Del Coronado Coronado CA James W. Reid Victorian
19 World Trade Center (destroyed) New York NY Minoru Yamasaki Modern
20 Brooklyn Bridge New York NY John Augustus Roebling Gothic Revival
21 Philadelphia City Hall Philadelphia PA John McArthur Jr. Second Empire
22 Bellagio Hotel and Casino Las Vegas NV Deruyter Butler; Atlandia Design Italianate
23 Cathedral of St. John the Divine New York NY Heins & La Farge; Ralph Adams Cram Gothic Revival
24 Philadelphia Museum of Art Philadelphia PA Horace Trumbauer, Zantzinger, Borie, and Medary Neoclassical
25 Trinity Church Boston MA Henry Hobson Richardson Richardsonian Romanesque
26 Ahwahnee Hotel Yosemite Valley CA Gilbert Stanley Underwood National Park Service Rustic
27 Monticello Charlottesville VA Thomas Jefferson Georgian
28 Library of Congress Washington DC John L. Smithmeyer and Paul J. Pelz Beaux-Arts
29 Fallingwater/Edgar J. Kaufmann Sr. Residence Mill Run PA Frank Lloyd Wright Modern/Organic
30 Taliesin Spring Green WI Frank Lloyd Wright Prairie School
31 Wrigley Field Chicago IL Zachary Taylor Davis Jewel Box Stadium
32 Wanamaker's Department Store Philadelphia PA Daniel Burnham Neo-Renaissance
33 Rose Center for Earth and Space New York NY James Stewart Polshek Structural Expressionist / Postmodern
34 National Gallery of Art (West Building) Washington DC John Russell Pope Neoclassical
35 Allegheny County Courthouse Pittsburgh PA Henry Hobson Richardson Richardsonian Romanesque
36 Old Faithful Inn Yellowstone National Park WY Robert Reamer National Park Service Rustic
37 Union Station Washington DC Daniel Burnham Beaux-Arts
38 Tribune Tower Chicago IL John Mead Howells;Raymond Hood Gothic Revival
39 Delano Hotel Miami Beach FL Robert Swartburg; Philippe Starck (interior) Art Deco
40 Union Station St. Louis MO Theodore C. Link Romanesque
41 Hearst Residence San Simeon CA Julia Morgan Spanish Revival
42 Willis Tower, formerly the Sears Tower Chicago IL Fazlur Rahman Khan Bruce Graham Modern
43 Thomas Crane Public Library Quincy MA Henry Hobson Richardson Richardsonian Romanesque
44 Woolworth Building New York NY Cass Gilbert Gothic Revival
45 Cincinnati Union Terminal Cincinnati OH Alfred Fellheimer and Stewart Wagner; Paul Philippe Cret, consulting architect Art Deco
46 Waldorf Astoria New York NY Schultze & Weaver Art Deco
47 New York Public Library New York NY Carrère and Hastings Beaux-Arts
48 Carnegie Hall New York NY William B. Tuthill; Richard Morris Hunt and Dankmar Adler, consulting architects Italianate
49 San Francisco City Hall San Francisco CA Arthur Brown, Jr. Beaux-Arts
50 Virginia State Capitol Richmond VA Thomas Jefferson Neoclassical
51 Cadet Chapel, Air Force Academy Colorado Springs CO Walter Netsch Futurist
52 Field Museum of Natural History Chicago IL Daniel Burnham and Graham, Anderson, Probst and White Neoclassical
53 Apple, 5th Avenue New York NY Bohlin Cywinski Jackson Structural Expressionist
54 Furness Library, U. Penn. Philadelphia PA Frank Furness Victorian
55 Mauna Kea Beach Hotel Kohala Coast HI Skidmore, Owings & Merrill Modern
56 Rockefeller Center New York NY Reinhard & Hofmeister, Corbett, Harrison & Macmurray, Raymond Hood, Godley & Fouilhoux Art Deco
57 Denver International Airport Denver CO Fentress Bradburn Architects Postmodern
58 Ames Free Library North Easton MA Henry Hobson Richardson Richardsonian Romanesque
59 Milwaukee Art Museum Milwaukee WI Santiago Calatrava Postmodern
60 Thorncrown Chapel Eureka Springs AR E. Fay Jones Prairie School
61 Transamerica Pyramid San Francisco CA William Pereira Modern
62 333 Wacker Drive Chicago IL Kohn Pedersen Fox Modern
63 Smithsonian National Air & Space Museum Washington DC Gyo Obata Modern
64 Faneuil Hall Marketplace Boston MA Benjamin Thompson Georgian
65 Crystal Cathedral Garden Grove CA Philip Johnson Structural Expressionist / Postmodern
66 Gamble House Pasadena CA Greene and Greene American Craftsman
67 Nebraska State Capitol Lincoln NE Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue Art Deco/Neoclassical
68 New York Times Building New York NY Renzo Piano Structural Expressionist
69 Salt Lake City Public Library Salt Lake City UT Moshe Safdie Structural Expressionist / Postmodern
70 Walt Disney World Dolphin and Swan Hotels Lake Buena Vista FL Michael Graves Postmodern
71 Hearst Tower New York NY Norman Foster Structural Expressionist
72 Flatiron Building New York NY Daniel Burnham Beaux-Arts/Chicago school
73 Lake Point Tower Chicago IL Schipporeit and Heinrich Modern
74 Guggenheim Museum New York NY Frank Lloyd Wright Modern
75 Union Station Los Angeles CA The Parkinsons Spanish Revival
76 Willard Hotel Washington DC Henry Janeway Hardenbergh Beaux-Arts
77 Sever Hall, Harvard University Cambridge MA Henry Hobson Richardson Richardsonian Romanesque
78 Broadmoor Hotel Colorado Springs CO Warren & Wetmore Spanish Revival
79 Ronald Reagan Building Washington DC James Ingo Freed Postmodern
80 Phillips Exeter Academy Library Exeter NH Louis Kahn Modern
81 The Plaza Hotel New York NY Henry J. Hardenbergh Beaux-Arts
82 Sofitel Chicago Water Tower Chicago IL Jean-Paul Viguier Postmodern
83 Glessner House Chicago IL Henry Hobson Richardson Richardsonian Romanesque
84 Yankee Stadium (1923) (demolished) New York NY Osborn Architects & Engineers Jewel Box Stadium
85 Harold Washington Library Chicago IL Hammond, Beeby and Babka Postmodern
86 Lincoln Center New York NY Wallace Harrison, Philip Johnson and others Modern
87 The Dakota Apartments New York NY Henry Janeway Hardenbergh Neo-Renaissance
88 Art Institute of Chicago Chicago IL Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge Beaux-Arts
89 Fairmont Hotel San Francisco CA Reid & Reid Beaux-Arts
90 Boston Public Library Boston MA Charles Follen McKim Renaissance Revival
91 Hollywood Bowl Los Angeles CA Expressionist
92 Texas State Capitol Austin TX Elijah E. Myers Neo-Renaissance
93 Fontainebleau Miami Beach FL Morris Lapidus Modern
94 Legal Research Building, University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI York and Sawyer Gothic Revival
95 Getty Center Los Angeles CA Richard Meier Modern
96 High Museum Atlanta GA Richard Meier Modern
97 Federal Building and United States Courthouse Central Islip NY Richard Meier Modern
98 Humana Building Louisville KY Michael Graves Postmodern
99 Disney Concert Hall Los Angeles CA Frank Gehry Postmodern / "Blobitecture"
100 Radio City Music Hall New York NY Edward Durell Stone Art Deco
101 Paul Brown Stadium Cincinnati OH NBBJ Postmodern
102 United Airlines Terminal 1, O'Hare Airport Chicago IL Helmut Jahn Modern
103 Hyatt Regency Atlanta Atlanta GA John C. Portman, Jr. Modern
104 AT&T Park (San Francisco Giants Stadium) San Francisco CA Populous Retro ballpark
105 Time Warner Center New York NY David Childs Modern
106 Washington Metro Washington DC Harry Weese Brutalist
107 IDS Center (IDS Tower) Minneapolis MN Philip Johnson Modern
108 Seattle Central Library Seattle WA Rem Koolhaas and Joshua Prince-Ramus
109 San Francisco Museum of Modern Art San Francisco CA Mario Botta Postmodern
110 Union Station Chicago IL Daniel Burnham and Graham, Anderson, Probst and White
111 United Nations Headquarters New York NY Wallace Harrison and others Modern
112 National Building Museum Washington DC Montgomery C. Meigs Renaissance Revival
113 Fenway Park Boston MA
114 Dana-Thomas House Springfield IL Frank Lloyd Wright Prairie School
115 TWA Terminal, JFK Airport New York NY Eero Saarinen Modern / Expressionist
116 The Athenaeum New Harmony IN Richard Meier
117 Walker Art Center Minneapolis MN Edward Larrabee Barnes
118 American Airlines Center Dallas TX Art Deco
119 Arizona Biltmore Resort and Spa Phoenix AZ Albert Chase McArthur with Frank Lloyd Wright consulting
120 Los Angeles Central Library Los Angeles CA Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue
121 San Francisco International Airport San Francisco CA Skidmore, Owings and Merrill, Del Campo and Maru Architects, Michael Willis Architects
122 Camden Yards Baltimore MD Hellmuth, Obata + Kassabaum
123 Taliesin West Scottsdale AZ Frank Lloyd Wright
124 United States Holocaust Museum Washington DC James Ingo Freed, Pei Cobb Freed & Partners
125 Citicorp Center New York NY Hugh Stubbins & Associates; Emery Roth & Sons
126 V. C. Morris Gift Shop / Xanadu Gallery San Francisco CA Frank Lloyd Wright
127 Union Station Kansas City MO Jarvis Hunt Beaux-Arts architecture
128 Rookery Building Chicago IL Burnham and Root Chicago school
129 Frederick R. Weisman Museum of Art, University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN Frank Gehry Postmodern / "Blobitecture"
130 Douglas House Harbor Springs MI Richard Meier Modern
131 Aline Barnsdall Hollyhock House Los Angeles CA Frank Lloyd Wright
132 Pennzoil Place Houston TX Philip Johnson
133 Royalton Hotel New York NY Philippe Starck
134 Astrodome Houston TX
135 Safeco Field Seattle WA
136 Corning Museum of Glass Corning NY Gunnar Birkerts
137 30th Street Station Philadelphia PA Graham, Anderson, Probst and White Neoclassical
138 Robie House Chicago IL Frank Lloyd Wright Prairie School
139 Williams Tower (Transco Tower) Houston TX Philip Johnson
140 Stahl House (Case Study House #22) Los Angeles CA Pierre Koenig
141 Apple, SoHo New York NY Bohlin Cywinski Jackson
142 John Hancock Tower Boston MA Henry N. Cobb
143 Pennsylvania Station (demolished) New York NY McKim, Mead & White
144 Hyatt Regency San Francisco CA John Portman
145 Carson, Pirie, Scott and Company Building Chicago IL Louis Sullivan Chicago school
146 Museum of Modern Art New York NY
147 Auditorium Building Chicago IL Dankmar Adler and Louis Sullivan Chicago school
148 Brown Palace Hotel Denver CO Frank Edbrooke
149 David S. Ingalls Rink, Yale University New Haven CT Eero Saarinen
150 Battle Hall, U. Texas Austin TX Cass Gilbert Spanish-Mediterranean Revival

Criticisms

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When it was released, critics observed that the list of "favorites" did not reflect the judgments of architectural experts. Upon the list's release, AIA president R.K. Stewart acknowledged that the rankings did not represent architects' professional judgments, but instead reflected people's "emotional connections" to buildings.[4] Buildings named by critics as being some that architects consider to be highly significant, but that did not achieve top 150 ranking in the public survey, included the Salk Institute in La Jolla, California, designed by Louis Kahn; the Inland Steel and John Hancock buildings in Chicago; Washington Dulles International Airport in Chantilly, Virginia; and the Seagram Building in New York City, designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe.[4][5] John King of the San Francisco Chronicle pointed out that in 1991 the AIA had named Eero Saarinen's design for Dulles Airport as one of ten "all-time works of American architects." King noted that the public's ratings were based on seeing just one photo of each building, and pointed out that "There's more to architecture than a picture can convey."[4]

Structures ranked below the top 150

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The 98 buildings that were listed by architects as significant, but did not rank in the top 150 in the public vote, were:[4]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b American Institute of Architects, "About this Exhibit", FavoriteArchitecture.org website
  2. ^ a b American Institute of Architects Releases Poll Showing "America's Favorite Architecture", Building Online, March 15, 2007
  3. ^ American Institute of Architects, FavoriteArchitecture.org website
  4. ^ a b c d John King, When it comes to the tops in architecture, it's all about how it makes people feel, San Francisco Chronicle, February 13, 2007
  5. ^ Alex Frangos, Americans' Favorite Buildings, The Wall Street Journal, February 7, 2007
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