User:OpalYosutebito/sandbox2
Kim Won-bong | |
|---|---|
| Minister of State Control | |
| 1st Cabinet of North Korea | |
| In office 9 September 1948 – 8 May 1952 | |
| Premier | Kim Il Sung |
| Preceded by | Post established |
| Succeeded by | Choe Chang-ik |
| Personal details | |
| Born | c. 1898 Miryang, South Gyeongsang Province, Korean Empire |
| Died | c. 1958 North Korea |
| Political party | Workers' Party of Korea |
| Spouse(s) | Park Cha-jeong Choi Dong-Seon |
| Children | Kim Cheol-Geon Kim Joong-Geon Kim Hak-Bong |
| Occupation | Politician, military general |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance |  Korea |
| Branch/service | Korean Liberation Army |
| Years of service | 1941–1945 |
| Rank | General |
| Battles/wars | World War II |
| Korean name | |
| Hangul | 김원봉 |
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Kim Wonbong |
| McCune–Reischauer | Kim Wŏnpong |
| Art name | |
| Hangul | 약산 |
| Hanja | 若山 |
| Revised Romanization | Yaksan |
| McCune–Reischauer | Yaksan |
Kim Won-bong (金元鳳, September 28, 1898 - November, 1958) was a North Korean independence activist and politician during the Japanese colonial period and South Korea. He served as the leader of the Uiyeoldan during the Japanese colonial period. His pen name was Yak-san (若山), and his family origin was Gimhae (金海). There is a Uiyeoldan Memorial Hall in Miryang, Gyeongsangnam-do.
In 1919, he organized the anarchist group Uiyeoldan (義烈團), and after attending the Whangpu Military Academy, he organized the Korean Volunteer Corps. He joined the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea and served as a member of the Provisional Legislative Assembly (Gyeongsang-do district), deputy commander and 1st district commander of the Korean Liberation Army, and was elected as the Minister of Military Affairs of the Provisional Government in 1944.
In February of 1946, he served as co-chairman of the Nationalist Democratic Front and June as chairman of the People's Republican Party. In 1948, he participated in the North-South Negotiations with Kim Gu and Kim Kyu-sik and remained in North Korea.
After the establishment of the government of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, he served as the Minister of State Censorship of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Chairman of the Central Committee of the Korean People's Republic Party, Minister of Labor of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, and Vice Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly.
When the Korean War broke out, as the Plenipotentiary Representative of North Pyongan Province of the Military Commission, he worked in the rear to produce military rations for the North Korean Army.[1] For this, he was awarded the Order of Labor by Kim Il-sung. He also engaged in sending to the South, and on January 25, 1954, four members of a spy group sent to the South under the direct command of Kim Won-bong for the purpose of causing economic chaos and disrupting elections in the Republic of Korea were arrested.[2] After that, he was defeated in a political struggle with Kim Il-sung, and in October 1958, his delegate rights were stripped and he was arrested on charges of "anti-state and counter-revolutionary activities."[3] There is no detailed information about his death, but the most likely theory is that he committed suicide by ingesting potassium cyanide in a political prison camp in the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.[4]
Biography
[edit]Kim was born in 1898 in Miryang, South Gyeongsang Province, Korean Empire. He was born to father Kim Chu-ik (김주익; 金周益) and mother Yi Kyŏng-nyŏm (이경념; 李京念) and into the Gimhae Kim clan.[5]
In his youth, he studied at a seodang, a traditional Korean school. In 1908, he enrolled in a modern-style school. In 1910, he attended the Donghwa Middle School (동화중학; 同和中學). In 1913, he attended a school in Seoul. In 1916, he was in China, learning the German language. In 1918, he enrolled in the University of Nanking.[5]
In February 1919, Kim entered the Shinhŭng Military Academy and underwent military education for six months, after which he dropped out of the academy. On November 9 of the same year, Kim organized a Korean nationalist underground organization known as the Korean Heroic Corps, with Yang Gun-ho, Gwak Jae-ki, Han Bong-Geun, Kim Ok, and others. Among the Heroic Corps aims were the assassinations of Japanese officials and their collaborators, coupled with attacks on Japanese bases. After assuming the position of leader of the Heroic Corps,[5] Kim found that he could not accomplish the aims of the organization as it did not have a sufficient number of members. As a result, he joined the Whampoa Military Academy in 1926. Kim used the pseudonym "Ch'oe Rim" and organized the Korean National Revolutionary Party, and the Joseon Communist Reconstruction Party.[6]
The Korean National Revolutionary Party was formed in Shanghai in 1935 by a group of left-wing nationalist Korean parties, organized by Kim Kyu-sik, Kim Won-bong and Cho Soang.[7] On July 10, 1937, at the invitation of the Government of the Republic of China, Kim Won-bong went to Lushan, the Chinese government's conference site and famed resort. During his time there, Chinese government officials insisted upon associating the united front against Japanese Imperialism. Before his return, Kim received extensive funding from the Chinese governor.[5]
Kim served as the deputy commander of the Korean Liberation Army of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea.[8]
North Korea
[edit]Legacy
[edit]- Portrayed by Cho Seung-woo in the 2015 film Assassination.
- Portrayed by Yoo Ji-tae in the 2019 MBC TV series Different Dreams.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]
- ^ https://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&mid=sec&oid=056&aid=0010688994&sid1=001.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help); Unknown parameter|언어=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|제목=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|확인날짜=ignored (help) - ^ 어마어마한간첩단체포 김원봉이직접지휘 1954년 1월 26일 경향신문
- ^ http://weekly.chosun.com/client/news/viw.asp?ctcd=C02&nNewsNumb=002439100013.
{{cite web}}: Missing or empty|title=(help); Unknown parameter|날짜=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|언어=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|제목=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|확인날짜=ignored (help) - ^ http://www.ohmynews.com/NWS_Web/View/at_pg.aspx?CNTN_CD=A0001980859.
{{cite news}}: Missing or empty|title=(help); Unknown parameter|날짜=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|뉴스=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|저자=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|제목=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|확인날짜=ignored (help) - ^ a b c d "김원봉 (金元鳳)" [Kim Won-bong]. Encyclopedia of Korean Culture (in Korean). Academy of Korean Studies. Retrieved July 21, 2023.
- ^ [이우탁(Lee Woo-tak) (2006). 《김구, 장보고, 앙드레김(Kim Gu, Jang Bo-Go, André Kim)》.동아시아(East-Asia). 142p]
- ^ Pratt, Keith L.; Rutt, Richard (1999), "Korean National Revolutionary Party", Korea: A Historical and Cultural Dictionary, Psychology Press, p. 236, ISBN 978-0-7007-0464-4, retrieved 2016-03-20
- ^ Jo, Dong-geol (1995). 독립군의 길따라 대륙을 가다 [Following the Path of the Independence Army to the Continent] (in Korean). 지식산업사. p. 267.
Further reading
[edit]- Ha Shin Ae. "아나키스트의 눈과 탈식민적 국제 연대의 상상－박태원의 『약산과 의열단』 (1946)을 중심으로－". 동아시아문화연구 (in Korean). Vol. 76. OCLC 8024938818.
- Park Jin-hai (April 10, 2019). "Drama portrays life of freedom fighter". The Korea Times. Retrieved July 21, 2023.
- Park Tae-won (2015). Yaksan and Uiyeoldan [약산 과 의열단: 김 원봉 의 항일 투쟁 암살 보고서] (in Korean) (Kaejŏngp'an ed.). Sŏul T'ŭkpyŏlsi: 깊은 샘. ISBN 978-89-7416-242-9. OCLC 930395245.