RSPCA Assured
RSPCA Assured is a not-for-profit farm animal welfare assurance and food labelling scheme from the RSPCA. All farms on the RSPCA Assured scheme must comply with the RSPCA's "stringent higher welfare standards".[1] RSPCA Assured assesses farms, hauliers and abattoirs and if they meet every standard, the RSPCA Assured label can be used on their food product.[2] RSPCA Assured was founded in 1994 as Freedom Food, with the standards of welfare based on the five freedoms that were defined by the UK Government's Farm Animal Welfare Committee.[3]
The RSPCA Assured scheme has received criticism from media coverage of animal cruelty that has taken place on RSPCA Assured farms.[4][5]
History
[edit]In 1994, the RSPCA commissioned a survey of consumer attitudes to animal source food products in which 29% of respondents identified animal welfare as a factor influencing their purchase.[6] In response to consumer concerns for welfare the RSPCA focused on improving the transportation of live farm animals. The RSPCA led a national advertising campaign which contained a picture of sheep in a dual-level transporter with the headline "Before they're roasted in garlic and rosemary, they're soaked in urine and excrement".[6] The success of the campaign influenced the development of Freedom Food.
RSPCA Assured was established as Freedom Food in 1994, inspired by the five freedoms.[6] The Freedom Food program was designed to allow farm animals "to enjoy a decent life, reflecting an existence as closely as possible to the ideal of the Five Freedoms". The program aimed to establish minimum welfare standards from the birth to death of farm animals.[6] Livestock products meeting the welfare standards were eligible to be labelled "Freedom Food, RSPCA Monitored".[6] Before a farmer, haulier or abattoir can join Freedom Food, an RSPCA approved accessor carries out an audit on the farm or premises to endure that the five freedoms are supported within the production or transportation system.[3] Once enrolled, members of the scheme are subject to reassessments to ensure the freedoms are being adhered to. Mandatory annual inspections and random spot checks by the RSPCA are utilized to ensure the welfare standards are being met.[3][7]
In 1995, supermarkets Tesco and Co-op were selling pork products with the Freedom Food logo and by 1996 Tesco were selling beef, chicken, lamb, pork, veal and egg products endorsed with the Freedom Food symbol.[6] The Freedom Food scheme influenced the formation of animal welfare certification programs such as British Columbia SPCA Certified and Certified Humane in the United States.[7]
The RSPCA's criteria for the Freedom Food symbol on chickens included a ban on growth-promoting antibiotics in chicken feed, a ban on mutilation, at least 8 hours access to the outdoors for free-range birds, humane slaughter practices and stocking density of under 20 birds per square metre.[8] The scheme does not guarantee animals are free-range but ensures that farmed animals have greater space indoors.[8]
RSPCA Assured has been credited with increasing the popularity of free range and barn eggs in the UK.[7] In 2007, 38.2% of total egg production in the UK came from non-cage systems compared to 15% in 1994.[7] During this time the Freedom Food scheme included 150 million animals housed in approximately 1500 production units.[3]
Allegations of animal cruelty
[edit]In January 2024, footage was shared showing RSPCA assured pig farm workers beating animals to death with an iron bar. Other animals were sick or paralysed, but left untreated. The farm was suspended after the footage emerged.[9]
In March 2024, footage emerged from inside four free-range egg farms that were part of the RSPCA Assured scheme. Many of the hens are bloodied and bald, having plucked out their own feathers due to stress. Some hens were unable to access fresh water, while others were missing feet. Piles of dead birds filled bins.[10]
In March 2024, animal rights activists filmed inside an RSPCA Assured chicken hatchery. Chicks were crushed under trolley wheels and trodden on and thrown into crates. Some chicks were left injured and bloodied by accidents.[11]
In April 2024, workers were filmed hitting pigs in the face before they were killed in a carbon dioxide gas chamber. Many of the pigs were from RSPCA Assured farms. The footage showed "animals were clearly frightened and writhing in agony as they were suffocated". The RSPCA called for an end to carbon dioxide killings while simultaneously allowing the use of RSPCA Assured branding on pigs killed using the method.[12]
In May 2024, hens were found suffering at several RSPCA Assured egg farms. Footage showed a living hen trapped upside down, as well as sick hens alongside living ones. Hens with splayed legs, birds with bad feather loss, decomposing bodies and overcrowded nesting areas were also observed. The RSPCA suspended one of four farms involved.[13]
Animal Rising released a report in May 2024 that determined that in numerous instances, RSPCA Assured farms failed to meet the minimum legal standard for animal welfare.[4]
In August 2024, footage released from an RSPCA Assured slaughterhouse showed pigs with visible injuries and wounds as well as lameness, abnormal growths and other deformities being hit by workers and "rushed to the gas chambers with excessive force." Some pigs were observed frothing at the mouth and heavily panting, signs of severe stress. The slaughterhouse also appeared to have "filthy, overcrowded pens" and "poor hygiene practices". Barrister Ayesha Smart, who specialises in animal welfare law, stated the video appeared to show "'multiple and clear breaches' of statutory welfare regulations." The RSPCA responded by stating that they had begun an immediate investigation.[14]
In September 2024, animal rights activists released undercover footage from two dairy farms supplying Marks & Spencers and Muller, one of which was RSPCA Assured. The footage showed workers repeatedly punching and kicking cows, hitting them with poles and chains, and shouting abuse at them. In one video, a worker is seen "angrily running after a cow and swearing before he pulls a screwdriver or another tool from his pocket and jabs it into the cow’s side." In another, a worker slaps a calf in the face. The farm was suspended from the RSPCA Assured scheme once the footage emerged.[15]
Response
[edit]Chris Packham President of the RSPCA was disturbed by the footage of dying pigs, starved chickens and eyeless fish on RSPCA Assured farms and commented that it is "utterly indefensible".[5] He called on the charity to immediately suspend its ethical food labelling scheme as customers are being misled.[5] The RSPCA have responded that it would investigate the allegations, but refused to suspend the RSPCA Assured scheme, claiming that it would "risk leaving millions of farm animals with even less protection".[5]
In September 2024, vice-president of the RSPCA Brian May resigned over "damning evidence" of bad standards of animal welfare from RSPCA Assured.[16]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "What is RSPCA Assured?". RSPCA Assured. 2024. Archived from the original on August 14, 2024.
- ^ "Frequently Asked Questions". RSPCA Assured. 2024. Archived from the original on August 26, 2024.
- ^ a b c d Lawrence, Geoffrey; Higgins, Vaughan (2007). Agricultural Governance: Globalization and the New Politics of Regulation. Taylor & Francis. pp. 178–179. ISBN 978-1134262823.
- ^ a b Monbiot, George (18 June 2024). "How Britain's oldest animal welfare charity became a byword for cruelty on an industrial scale". The Guardian. Retrieved 19 June 2024.
- ^ a b c d Gadher, Dipesh (9 June 2024). "Chris Packham: The truth at some RSPCA-assured farms makes me sick". The Times. Archived from the original on 9 June 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f Schroder, William R. (2012). Government and the Food Industry: Economic and Political Effects of Conflict and Co-Operation. Springer. p. 213. ISBN 978-1461562214.
- ^ a b c d Duncan, Ian J. H.; Hawkins, Penny (2009). The Welfare of Domestic Fowl and Other Captive Birds. Springer. p. 292. ISBN 978-9048136506.
- ^ a b Miller, George; Reeve, Katharine (2009). The Rough Guide to Food. Rough Guides. p. 42. ISBN 978-1848360013.
- ^ Dalton, Jane (2024-01-31). "Workers sacked after video shows sick and paralysed pigs beaten to death with iron bar on RSPCA Assured farm". The Independent. Retrieved 2024-05-26.
- ^ Farhoud, Nada (2024-03-23). "Horrific truth of free range eggs laid bare - and the reality is heartbreaking". The Mirror. Retrieved 2024-05-29.
- ^ Dalton, Jane (2024-03-29). "Chicks killed, crushed and trodden on at award-winning hatchery, disturbing video appears to show". The Independent. Retrieved 2024-05-29.
- ^ Dalton, Jane (2024-04-03). "Pigs hit in face before 'agonising' CO2 death at supplier for Tesco, Asda, Aldi and M&S". The Independent. Retrieved 2024-05-26.
- ^ Dalton, Jane (2024-05-09). "Free-range hens suffering at egg farms supplying M&S, Tesco and Asda, animal rights activists say". The Independent. Retrieved 2024-05-26.
- ^ Dalton, Jane (2024-08-23). "Workers hit sick pigs at RSPCA-backed slaughterhouse supplying pork to Tesco and other supermarkets". The Independent. Retrieved 2024-09-19.
- ^ Dalton, Jane (2024-09-15). "Cows on farms supplying M&S and Muller kicked, punched, hit with chains and sworn at in shocking footage". The Independent. Retrieved 2024-09-19.
- ^ Prior, Malcolm (2024). "Queen's Brian May quits RSPCA over its food welfare label". BBC News. Archived from the original on October 7, 2024.
