Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate
| Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate of the People's Republic of China | |
|---|---|
| 中华人民共和国最高人民检察院检察长 | |
 Emblem of the Supreme People's Procuratorate | |
 | |
| Supreme People's Court | |
| Status | Sub-national leader level official |
| Member of | Supreme People's Court |
| Reports to | National People's Congress and its Standing Committee |
| Seat | Beijing |
| Nominator | Presidium of the National People's Congress |
| Appointer | National People's Congress |
| Term length | Five years, renewable once consecutively |
| Constituting instrument | Constitution of the People's Republic of China |
| Formation | 1 October 1949 |
| First holder | Luo Ronghuan |
| Deputy | Deputy Procurator-General |
The procurator-general of the Supreme People's Procuratorate is the head of the Supreme People's Procuratorate and is the highest-ranking prosecutor in China.
Under the current constitution, the procurator-general is appointed by and serves at the pleasure of the National People's Congress (NPC), the legislature. The incumbent procurator-general is Ying Yong, who took office on 11 March 2023.
History
[edit]The Supreme People's Procuratorate of the Central People's Government was established on 1 October 1949. Luo Ronghuan served as the first procurator-general by the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.[1]
On 27 September 1954, the SPP of the Central People's Government was replaced with the SPP of the People's Republic of China.[citation needed]
Selection
[edit]According to the Organic Law of the National People's Congress (NPC), constitutionally China's highest organ of state power, the procurator-general is nominated by the NPC Presidium, the Congress's executive organ.[2] However, the nomination is effectively made by the Chinese Communist Party, with the decisions being made among Party leaders.[3] Although the Presidium could theoretically nominate multiple candidates for the procurator-general, leading the election to be competitive, it has always nominated a single candidate for the office.[3]
After the nomination, the procurator-general is elected by the NPC, which also has the power to remove the procurator-general and other state officers from office. Elections and removals are decided by majority vote.[4] The length of the procurator-general's term of office is the same as the NPC, which is 5 years, and the procurator-general is restricted to two consecutive terms.[4] Since 2018, the procurator-general is required to recite the constitutional oath of office before assuming office.[3]
List of procurators-general
[edit]| No. | Chairperson | NPC term | Took office | Left office | Political Party | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 
|
Luo Ronghuan
罗荣桓 |
N/A | October 1, 1949 | September 27, 1954 | Chinese Communist Party (CCP) |
| 2 | 
|
Zhang Dingcheng
张鼎丞 |
1st | September 27, 1954 | April 27, 1959 | |
| 2nd | April 27, 1959 | January 3, 1965 | ||||
| 3rd | January 3, 1965 | January 17, 1975 | ||||
| From 17 January 1975 to 5 March 1978, the post of Procurator-general of the Supreme People's Procuratorate was abolished. | ||||||
| 3 | 
|
Huang Huoqing
黄火青 |
5th | March 5, 1978 | June 20, 1983 | Chinese Communist Party (CCP) |
| 4 |
|
Yang Yichen
杨易辰 |
6th | June 20, 1983 | April 9, 1988 | |
| 5 |
|
Liu Fuzhi
刘复之 |
7th | April 9, 1988 | March 28, 1993 | |
| 6 |
|
Zhang Siqing
张思卿 |
8th | March 28, 1993 | March 17, 1998 | |
| 7 |
|
Han Zhubin
韩杼滨 |
9th | March 17, 1998 | March 16, 2003 | |
| 8 | 
|
Jia Chunwang
贾春旺 |
10th | March 16, 2003 | March 16, 2008 | |
| 9 | 
|
Cao Jianming
曹建明 |
11th | March 16, 2008 | March 15, 2013 | |
| 12th | March 15, 2013 | March 18, 2018 | ||||
| 10 | 
|
Zhang Jun
张军 |
13th | March 18, 2018 | March 11, 2023 | |
| 11 |
|
Ying Yong
应勇 |
14th | March 11, 2023 | Incumbent | |
Timeline
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ "1st meeting of the CPPCC" (PDF). The Common Program of the People's Republic of China. Archived (PDF) from the original on 21 September 2024. Retrieved 20 June 2024.
- ^ "Organic Law of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China". National People's Congress. 11 March 2021. Archived from the original on 11 January 2023. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
- ^ a b c Liao, Zewei (2023-03-04). "NPC 2023: How China Selects Its State Leaders for the Next Five Years". NPC Observer. Archived from the original on 2023-11-07. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
- ^ a b "Constitution of the People's Republic of China". National People's Congress. Archived from the original on 3 January 2022. Retrieved 1 November 2023.