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Procerus sign

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Procerus sign
Other namesVertical wrinkling of the forehead
Differential diagnosisprogressive supranuclear palsy, Parkinson's disease

The procerus sign (vertical wrinkling of the forehead) is a medical sign consisting of vertical forehead wrinkling around the bridge of the nose and the glabella. This can be seen in neurodegenerative diseases such as progressive supranuclear palsy.

Definition

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The procerus sign is defined as wrinkling around the bridge of the nose and the glabella.[1]

Differential

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The procerus sign can be seen in neurodegenerative diseases such as progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP).[2] It is highly specific to PSP compared to other disorders involving Parkinsonism.[1]

Mechanism

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Dystonia of the procerus muscle or the corrugator supercilii muscle leads to abnormal muscle contraction.[1] It is present both when the eyes are open and when they are closed, including during blinking.[3]

History

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The procerus sign may also be known as "vertical wrinkling of the forehead" because it often does not just involve the procerus muscle.[1]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d Batla, Amit; Nehru, Ravi; Vijay, Tarun (2010-11-15). "Vertical wrinkling of the forehead or Procerus sign in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy". Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 298 (1–2): 148–149. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2010.08.010. ISSN 0022-510X. PMID 20810128. S2CID 42867971 – via ScienceDirect.
  2. ^ Continuum neurology journal. August 2016. Atypical Parkinsonian Disorders article
  3. ^ Romano, S.; Colosimo, C. (2001-11-27). "Procerus sign in progressive supranuclear palsy". Neurology. 57 (10): 1928. doi:10.1212/WNL.57.10.1928. ISSN 0028-3878. PMID 11723296.