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HIST1H1C

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
H1-2
Identifiers
AliasesH1-2, H1.2, H1C, H1F2, H1s-1, histone cluster 1, H1c, histone cluster 1 H1 family member c, HIST1H1C, H1.2 linker histone, cluster member
External IDsOMIM: 142710; MGI: 1931526; HomoloGene: 68455; GeneCards: H1-2; OMA:H1-2 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_005319

NM_015786

RefSeq (protein)

NP_005310

NP_056601

Location (UCSC)Chr 6: 26.06 – 26.06 MbChr 13: 23.92 – 23.92 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Histone H1.2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HIST1H1C gene.[5][6][7]

Histones are basic nuclear proteins responsible for nucleosome structure of the chromosomal fiber in eukaryotes. Two molecules of each of the four core histones (H2A, H2B, H3, and H4) form an octamer, around which approximately 146 bp of DNA is wrapped in repeating units, called nucleosomes. The linker histone, H1, interacts with linker DNA between nucleosomes and functions in the compaction of chromatin into higher order structures. This gene is intronless and encodes a member of the histone H1 family. Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome 6.[7]

Apart from its roles in the nucleus, histone H1.2 also participates in apoptosis. In response to apoptotic stimuli, mainly DNA damage, it is translocated from the nucleus to the cytosol. There, it activates Bak, a pro-apoptotic protein bound to the mithochondria outer membrane (MOM). Activation of Bak causes the perforation of the mitochondria, a process known as MOMP (mitochondria outer membrane permeabilization) which promotes apoptosis. Histone H1.2 also forms a complex with the apoptosome, possibly regulating its formation.

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000187837Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000036181Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Eick S, Nicolai M, Mumberg D, Doenecke D (Sep 1989). "Human H1 histones: conserved and varied sequence elements in two H1 subtype genes". Eur J Cell Biol. 49 (1): 110–5. PMID 2759094.
  6. ^ Marzluff WF, Gongidi P, Woods KR, Jin J, Maltais LJ (Oct 2002). "The human and mouse replication-dependent histone genes". Genomics. 80 (5): 487–98. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(02)96850-3. PMID 12408966.
  7. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: HIST1H1C histone cluster 1, H1c".

Further reading

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