Afarin Lahori
Afarin Lahori, Faqirullah Afarin Lahori or commonly known as Afarin, (Punjabi: آفرین لاہوری۔, c. 1660 – d. 1741) was a Punjabi poet from Lahore. He wrote many books during his lifetime of 81 years, especially remembered for his romantic epic poem, "Nāz o nīāz", also known as Hīr o Ranǰha in which he wrote the traditional Punjabi story of Heer and Ranjha, who lives in Takht Hazara by the river Chenab in Punjab, Heer Ranjha into a poem. Most of his work is in Punjabi, with the exception of the book "Kuliyate Afarin (Kuliyate)", written in Persian.[1]
Faqirullah is revered throughout the Punjab, Punjab, Hazara and Kashmir. He maintained good relationships with local scholars and Mughal officials before opting for a secluded life. His work earned respect from contemporary and subsequent writers and poets.[1]
Early life
[edit]Faqirullah Afarin Lahori was born in c. 1660 in Lahore, Punjab during the Mughal empire, into Juya clan of Punjabi Shia Muslim Gujjars.[2][3] He was born in Lahore but is original place of origin is obsecure.[4] Although a Sufi by nature, he was not affiliated to any Sufi order, and spent a life of seclusion at Lahore.
Poetic works
[edit]The "Kuliyate Afarin" is considered his masterpiece. In its ending verses, Afarin Lahori listed major genres of Punjabi poetry and his predecessor Punjabi. His Mathnawis attained much fame were;[5][6]
- The Kuliyate Afarin (Kollīyāt) is a comprehensive collection of Faqirullah Afarin Lahori's works. The first volume contains his lyrical poetry and a selection of his panegyric verses. The forthcoming second volume will include an additional 38 panegyrics.
- The Nāz o nīāz, also known as Hīr o Ranǰhā, composed in 1707 during the lifetime of sixth Mughal emperor Aurangzēb.
- The Anbān-e maʿrefat was written in 1730 during the rule of thirteenth Mughal emperor Muhammad Shah.
- The Abīad-e fekr was written in 1734 during the reign of Mughal ruler Moḥammad Shah.[5]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Kia 2020, p. 15.
- ^ Iranica 1983.
- ^ 1900 & غلام علی, p. 34.
- ^ Geiger & Kuhn 2011, p. 253.
- ^ a b Ahmad & Kirmani 1983, p. 405.
- ^ لاهورى 1967.
Sources
[edit]- Ahmad, Z.; Kirmani, W. (1983). "Āfarīn Lāhūrī". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume I/5: Adat–Afghanistan. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. ISBN 978-0-71009-094-2.
- Kia, Mana (2020). Persianate Selves: Memories of Place and Origin Before Nationalism. Stanford University Press. ISBN 978-1-5036-1196-2.
- Delhi, Library of Congress Library of Congress Office, New (1992). Accessions List, South Asia. E.G. Smith for the U.S. Library of Congress Office, New Delhi. p. 1085.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Geiger, Wilhelm; Kuhn, Ernst (2011). Litteratur, Geschichte und Kultur, Register zum II. Band (in German). Walter de Gruyter. p. 253. ISBN 978-3-11-084120-6.
- Iranica, Encyclopaedia (1983). "Welcome to Encyclopaedia Iranica". iranicaonline.org.
- لاهورى, فقير الله آفرين (1967). كليات آفرين لاهورى (in Persian). پنجابى ادبى اكادمى،.
- غلام علی, آزاد بلگرامی (1900). خزانہ عامرہ [Shah Afarin] (in Persian). کانپور, انڈیا: منشی نول کشور، کانپور. p. 34.