Jump to content

File:Baltic blooms ESA21514635.jpeg

Page contents not supported in other languages.
This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Original file (9,375 × 9,688 pixels, file size: 20.92 MB, MIME type: image/jpeg)

Summary

Warning The original file is very high-resolution. It might not load properly or could cause your browser to freeze when opened at full size. Open in ZoomViewer
Description
English: The Copernicus Sentinel-2 mission takes us over the green algae blooms swirling around the Baltic Sea.
'Algae bloom' is the term used to describe the rapid multiplying of phytoplankton – microscopic marine plants that drift on or near the surface of the sea. The chlorophyll that phytoplankton use for photosynthesis collectively tints the surrounding ocean waters, providing a way of detecting these tiny organisms from space.
In most of the Baltic Sea, there are two annual blooms – the spring bloom and the cyanobacterial (also called blue-green algae) bloom in late summer. The Baltic Sea faces many serious challenges, including toxic pollutants, deep-water oxygen deficiencies, and toxic blooms of cyanobacteria affecting the ecosystem, aquaculture and tourism.
Cyanobacteria have qualities similar to algae and thrive on phosphorus in the water. High water temperatures and sunny, calm weather often lead to particularly large blooms that pose problems to the ecosystem.
In this image captured on 20 July 2019, the streaks, eddies and whirls of the late summer blooms, mixed by winds and currents, are clearly visible. Without in situ measurements, it is difficult to distinguish the type of algae that covers the sea as many different types of algae grow in these waters.
The highest concentrations of algal blooms are said to occur in the Central Baltic and around the island of Gotland, visible to the left in the image.
Although algal blooms are a natural and essential part of life in the sea, human activity is also said to increase the number of annual blooms. Agricultural and industrial run-off pours fertilisers into the sea, providing additional nutrients algae need to form large blooms.
The bacteria that consume the decaying plants suck oxygen out of the water, creating dead zones where fish cannot survive. Large summer blooms can contain toxic algae that are dangerous for both humans and other animals.
Satellite data can track the growth and spread of harmful algae blooms in order to alert and mitigate against damaging impacts for tourism and fishing industries.
This image is also featured on the Earth from Space video programme.
العربية: تأخذنا مهمة "كوبرنيكوس سينتنيل -2" فوق نباتات الطحالب الخضراء التي تدور في بحر البلطيق.

"الازدهار الطحلبي" هو المصطلح المستخدم لوصف التكاثر السريع للعوالق النباتية - نباتات بحرية مجهرية تنجرف على سطح البحر أو بالقرب منه. إن الكلوروفيل الذي تستخدمه العوالق النباتية في عملية التركيب الضوئي يلون بشكل جماعي مياه المحيطات المحيطة ، مما يوفر طريقة لاكتشاف هذه الكائنات الدقيقة من الفضاء. في معظم أنحاء بحر البلطيق ، هناك نوعان من الإزهار السنوي - إزهار الربيع وتكاثر البكتيريا الزرقاء (وتسمى أيضًا الطحالب الخضراء المزرقة) في أواخر الصيف. يواجه بحر البلطيق العديد من التحديات الخطيرة ، بما في ذلك الملوثات السامة ونقص الأكسجين في المياه العميقة والزهور السامة للبكتيريا الزرقاء التي تؤثر على النظام البيئي وتربية الأحياء المائية والسياحة. البكتيريا الزرقاء لها صفات مشابهة للطحالب وتزدهر على الفوسفور في الماء. غالبًا ما تؤدي درجات حرارة المياه المرتفعة والطقس المشمس والهادئ إلى أزهار كبيرة بشكل خاص تشكل مشاكل للنظام البيئي. في هذه الصورة التي تم التقاطها في 20 يوليو / تموز 2019 ، تظهر بوضوح الخطوط والدوامات والدوامات في أزهار أواخر الصيف الممزوجة بالرياح والتيارات. بدون قياسات في الموقع ، من الصعب التمييز بين نوع الطحالب التي تغطي البحر لأن العديد من أنواع الطحالب المختلفة تنمو في هذه المياه. يقال إن أعلى تركيزات لتكاثر الطحالب تحدث في وسط البلطيق وحول جزيرة جوتلاند ، وهي ظاهرة على اليسار في الصورة. على الرغم من أن تكاثر الطحالب هو جزء طبيعي وأساسي من الحياة في البحر ، يقال أيضًا أن النشاط البشري يزيد من عدد الإزهار السنوي. الجريان السطحي الزراعي والصناعي يصب الأسمدة في البحر ، مما يوفر مغذيات إضافية تحتاجها الطحالب لتكوين أزهار كبيرة. تمتص البكتيريا التي تستهلك النباتات المتحللة الأكسجين من الماء ، مما يخلق مناطق ميتة حيث لا تستطيع الأسماك البقاء على قيد الحياة. يمكن أن تحتوي أزهار الصيف الكبيرة على طحالب سامة تشكل خطورة على كل من البشر والحيوانات. يمكن لبيانات الأقمار الصناعية تتبع نمو وانتشار تكاثر الطحالب الضارة من أجل التنبيه والتخفيف من الآثار الضارة للسياحة وصناعات الصيد.

تظهر هذه الصورة أيضًا على الأرض من برنامج فيديو الفضاء.
Date 13 December 2019 (upload date)
Source Baltic blooms
Author European Space Agency
Other versions
Activity
InfoField
Observing the Earth
Mission
InfoField
Sentinel-2
Set
InfoField
Earth observation image of the week
System
InfoField
Copernicus

Assessment

Featured picture

Wikimedia Commons

This is a featured picture on Wikimedia Commons (Featured pictures) and is considered one of the finest images. See its nomination here.

If you have an image of similar quality that can be published under a suitable copyright license, be sure to upload it, tag it, and nominate it.

Licensing

© This image contains data from a satellite in the Copernicus Programme, such as Sentinel-1, Sentinel-2 or Sentinel-3. Attribution is required when using this image.
Attribution: Contains modified Copernicus Sentinel data 2019

The use of Copernicus Sentinel Data is regulated under EU law (Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) No 1159/2013 and Regulation (EU) No 377/2014). Relevant excerpts:


Financial conditions

Free access shall be given to GMES dedicated data [...] made available through GMES dissemination platforms [...].

Conditions regarding use

Access to GMES dedicated data [...] shall be given for the purpose of the following use in so far as it is lawful:

  1. reproduction;
  2. distribution;
  3. communication to the public;
  4. adaptation, modification and combination with other data and information;
  5. any combination of points (a) to (d).

GMES dedicated data [...] may be used worldwide without limitations in time.

Conditions regarding information to be given by users
  1. When distributing or communicating GMES dedicated data [...] to the public, users shall inform the public of the source of that data and information.
  2. Users shall make sure not to convey the impression to the public that the user’s activities are officially endorsed by the Union.
  3. Where that data or information has been adapted or modified, the user shall clearly state this.
Absence of warranty

GMES dedicated data and GMES service information are provided to users without any express or implied warranty, including as regards quality and suitability for any purpose.

This media was created by the European Space Agency (ESA).
Where expressly so stated, images or videos are covered by the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO) licence, ESA being an Intergovernmental Organisation (IGO), as defined by the CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO licence. The user is allowed under the terms and conditions of the CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO license to Reproduce, Distribute and Publicly Perform the ESA images and videos released under CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO licence and the Adaptations thereof, without further explicit permission being necessary, for as long as the user complies with the conditions and restrictions set forth in the CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO licence, these including that:
  • the source of the image or video is duly credited (Examples: "Credit: ESA/Rosetta/NavCam – CC BY-SA IGO 3.0", "ESA/DLR/FU Berlin, CC BY-SA IGO 3.0", "ESA/Photographer’s name, CC BY-SA IGO 3.0"), and
  • a direct link to the CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO license text is provided, and
  • if changes were made to the original image or video, there is a clear statement on the Adaptation indicating that changes were made to the original content; Adaptations must be Distributed or Publicly Performed under the Applicable License, as set forth in Article 4b of the CC BY-SA 3.0 IGO licence.

See the ESA Creative Commons copyright notice for complete information, and this article for additional details.
w:en:Creative Commons
attribution share alike
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO license.
Attribution: ESA, CC BY-SA IGO 3.0
You are free:
  • to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work
  • to remix – to adapt the work
Under the following conditions:
  • attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
  • share alike – If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same or compatible license as the original.

Captions

Satellite photo of the Baltic Sea surrounding Gotland, Sweden, with algae bloom (phytoplankton) swirling in the water.

Items portrayed in this file

depicts

image/jpeg

53de00ea27231eb360ba563f28617d30bc883666

21,936,754 byte

9,688 pixel

9,375 pixel

File history

Click on a date/time to view the file as it appeared at that time.

Date/TimeThumbnailDimensionsUserComment
current06:51, 7 January 2021Thumbnail for version as of 06:51, 7 January 20219,375 × 9,688 (20.92 MB)StellarHalocomplete file
12:50, 7 June 2020Thumbnail for version as of 12:50, 7 June 20207,500 × 5,655 (19.71 MB)OptimusPrimeBot#Spacemedia - Upload of https://www.esa.int/var/esa/storage/images/esa_multimedia/images/2019/12/baltic_blooms/21514625-2-eng-GB/Baltic_blooms.jpg via Commons:Spacemedia

The following 3 pages use this file:

Global file usage

The following other wikis use this file: